Which molecule carries genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

Which molecule carries genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

• A. tRNA
• B. mRNA
• C. rRNA
• D. DNA

Answer: (B)

The essential idea is that genetic information is carried from DNA to the ribosome by a messenger that translates the code into a readable template for building protein. This role belongs to messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, a DNA gene is copied into mRNA, which then exits the nucleus and travels to the ribosome. There, the sequence of codons in mRNA directs the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide, with rRNA and tRNA supporting the process. tRNA brings each amino acid to match its codon on the mRNA, while rRNA forms part of the ribosome and helps catalyze peptide bond formation. DNA itself serves as the original blueprint inside the nucleus and does not serve as the direct messenger to the ribosome.

The essential idea is that genetic information is carried from DNA to the ribosome by a messenger that translates the code into a readable template for building protein. This role belongs to messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, a DNA gene is copied into mRNA, which then exits the nucleus and travels to the ribosome. There, the sequence of codons in mRNA directs the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide, with rRNA and tRNA supporting the process. tRNA brings each amino acid to match its codon on the mRNA, while rRNA forms part of the ribosome and helps catalyze peptide bond formation. DNA itself serves as the original blueprint inside the nucleus and does not serve as the direct messenger to the ribosome.