Which molecule directly carries amino acids during translation?

Which molecule directly carries amino acids during translation?

• A. tRNA
• B. mRNA
• C. rRNA
• D. DNA

Answer: (A)

During translation, the molecule that directly delivers amino acids to the growing polypeptide is the transfer RNA. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid at its 3' end and has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added in sequence. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes first attach the right amino acid to its matching tRNA, forming aminoacyl-tRNA so it’s ready for use by the ribosome. The ribosome then links the amino acids together via peptide bonds as tRNAs shift through sites during translation. In contrast, mRNA provides the template with codons, rRNA forms the ribosome’s catalytic and structural framework, and DNA stores the genetic information.

During translation, the molecule that directly delivers amino acids to the growing polypeptide is the transfer RNA. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid at its 3' end and has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added in sequence. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes first attach the right amino acid to its matching tRNA, forming aminoacyl-tRNA so it’s ready for use by the ribosome. The ribosome then links the amino acids together via peptide bonds as tRNAs shift through sites during translation. In contrast, mRNA provides the template with codons, rRNA forms the ribosome’s catalytic and structural framework, and DNA stores the genetic information.